Thursday, September 4, 2008

Getting Pregent Games

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Invader Zim Acrostic Poem

WATER MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT OF FISH POND HARVEST

In general, management refers to all those cultural practices, physical or manuals that are due to perform with or fish to get adequate physical development thereof. Also, we note, in the management of farming those tasks to perform for the proper functioning of the pond and good water quality which are held for the production of fish.

For easy to get a good production of fish, it is necessary to divide the time of the prime or fattening of fish in three sub periods, to say: The age or stage of Pre-breeding, Season Ongrowing I and II fattening period.

In each era of production are carried out specific management tasks, both with fish as the pond and the waters thereof.

If necessary you could write in this great chapter administrative work, health, production and marketing, reproduction and all efforts to run for the development of fish and fish overall company. But to avoid confusion each subject recorded can be analyzed as individual chapters.

Thus, one can note that for time of the Pre-breeding must perform the following duties: Preparation of ponds, seeding of fry, fingerlings and management work of the fish company .

Preparation of ponds:

a. Adequacy of walls and floor. is important that once a semester or at the time of draining the pond, after harvest, then a review of the pond walls as the floor, and correct the slope of the wall or any cracks that are presented. Being able to correct the faults with soil cement or sand and cement or clay or cow dung more mud.

b. Adequacy of channels and filters. channels capture and drain water from the ponds require a correction of its slopes, uneven or slopes, removing the vegetation that was born, in general cleaning. The channel filters in the water harvesting should be removed stones and gravel have been deposited there to be washed and disinfected for re-accommodate. filter "cleaning drainage water" should be to remove and place the pieces of gravel and sand that there exist. If so, you must place new material.

c. Adequacy of the pipe. The water inlet pipe to the pond should have a cone-shaped mesh, hang enough to trap debris or material that is past the filter and try to reach the pond earlier this tube clean and disinfect with iodine or chlorine product or cleaned with liquid detergent.

As for the pond drain pipe must be installed and verify that it has been in good position and not take the risk of falling or slack and produce a leak.

If necessary, you should get new material.

d. Clean the pond. As a whole pond surface should be free of stones, sticks or vegetation. The floor must be smooth.

e. pond disinfection. This matter must consider the health problems of the previous batch fish, because if there was a very high mortality and if the causes of diseases were not in the pond with a good dose of sun is enough to achieve disinfection. (Five to eight days of sunshine a spinal level). also serves to accelerate the process of mineralization of the pond floor.

Yes, the case is, by the presence of dragonfly larvae, known as Odonata, is fundamental to a commercial insecticide spraying, leave for a day that I played and then "wash" the pond

Yes, the case is, presence of fungi and / or bacteria affecting the fish of the previous batch, granulated chlorine can be applied at a rate of 5 grams per pump back and / or mixed with 20 cc of formalin.

f. Apply lime. Usually Colombia soils are acidic, which makes it necessary to control this acidity should, before filling the pond and of course, long before the fish plant, for which, can be made with lime agricultural in amount of 100 to 300 grams per square meter depending on whether strong or not the degree of soil acidity. This serves agricultural lime only in dry soil or in ponds that have been well drained.

For poorly drained or flooded ponds are recommended to apply lime at a rate of 80 grams per square meter.

we can use lime as a disinfectant to control bacteria, fungi, insects, eggs and larvae.

g. Fill water tank. Four to five days before stocking of fish should be to fill the pond with the intention of the dragonfly do not put your eggs in the pond and produce the larvae, Odonata, specialized animal prey fish fry stage.

h. Fertilizing the pond. At the time of pond preparation for planting of fingerlings should be to fertilize pond you to have good food available to fish.

suitable fertilizer depends on the availability of the farm and taste of the producer, so, as can use of organic fertilizers, ie from animal and chemical fertilizer or inorganic.

At this stage you can apply, therefore, organic manure and the chemical across the pond because the fish have not even no risk of an "overdose" as applied. For periods where there is already stocked fish, organic manure should be applied in fiber bags and the entry level of the water, in order to fertilize slowly around the pond and the oxygen is not consumed in a the rapid degradation of organic matter, which leads to fish die or feel suffocated.

Where to test the turbidity of the water and is recommended to fertilize the pond, can be applied: organic fertilizer. Chicken, 100 grams; Porcinaza, 150 grams; Bovinaza, 200 grams or Worm, 50 grams per square meter all with repeated every 15 days, if warranted the pond. Inorganic fertilizer. Superphosphate, Triple 15 or 10-30-10 or urea, is required between 15 and 20 grams per square meter, each month.

Alevinos Seeding:

1. Alevinos Achievement. must buy fish from a fish known in the area, showing quality of their players, their work and ensure biological and genetic quality of the fish to fatten.

Preferably that the fries do not travel more than six hours. (Even if they are in good supply of oxygen and protected from light and heat, can last over 12 hours).

must come from a uniform color, not stained or discolored, or malformed, or stressed, or dead, to show vibrancy, bright-bodied animals, swimming in groups and difficult to capture.

2. Alevinos Hosting. Welcome fish, preferably in the early hours of the morning to watch all day and if necessary address any abnormality present with fish.

At the time of arrival of the fish should observe the mood of detailing their physical condition, their behavior, abnormal fish, if the bags contain enough oxygen or if they a problem.

3. Fish Acclimation. should be placing the bags of fish in the pond (on the surface of the water.) There remain for a period of 20 minutes, the purpose is that the water containing the fish stock and acquire the temperature of pond water.

then proceeds to open the bags, which are bent outward to the edge to continue floating. After about 15 minutes, water is added stock pond at a rate almost equal to the amount of water in the bag. Letting another 15 minutes and must deposit the fish in the pond, so it is tilted the bags allowing the fish go swimming on their own and thus are expected to experience the kitten of stress that causes this whole process.

4. protection against predators. have to protect young fish from predators especially birds such as herons and kingfishers, for it is placed on the surface of water, without the touch and about 20 centimeters tall, anti-bird mesh, mesh can be shed for chickens, black, plastic and a 2 cm eye. The mesh should skirt the pond and onto the floor at the entrance wall of water, covering a third of the pond. Should be left for about 2 months, at which the fish are big enough, strong and agile to avoid being captured by these birds.

5. Care to fry. should not be feeding the first day, were observed during the first two hours to determine the behavior of fish in the pond during the day will be to record the fish adapt to the new environment.

6. planting density. is given by the replacement of water and the ability to oxygenate pond water as well as the type of crop that is desired.

a. Monoculture. For M 2: Red Tilapia Cachama 4 fish or white fish or Jammu 1.5 2 fish.

B.

polyculture : 4 red tilapia fish / M 2 Pacu and 1 fish / 5 M 2 goldfish and 1 / 10M 2. If you have more spare you can up to double the density, otherwise it should decrease the number of fish and if necessary will take into account the weight of the animal to handle the total biomass per cubic meter of water.

Alevinos Handling:

· Open record book. keeping began production data from the batch of fish that were just planted and were handled in the next six months. Among the records go, this one, the daily food consumption, daily mortality, the record production performance.

· programming work. Once planted fish should make the planning of daily tasks, weekly and monthly the next six months, to be clear about what you want done and what needs to be taken each time.

Work Fish Company:

v daily work. Observing pond, Verification of water quality, removal of supernatants, Cleaning the water inlet filters, fish feeding, predator control, Carry data production records, control of mortality, withdrawal and burial of dead fish.

v Work Week. Clean the drain filter, cleaning the warehouse, planning next week's work, requests from food, cleaning the area gutted.

v Biweekly Work: Making sampling of fish, the diet adjustment, Analysis of production records, arrangement of green areas between tanks, cleaning the edges of the pond, cleaning catch channel and drain water.

v Work Monthly: Production Report, Planning work, arrangement of screens and fish around the unit.

v Work Semester: fish stocking, fish harvest, arrangement of the walls and floor of the pond, Evaluation of fish harvested, Projection next planting, cleaning and disinfection of filter stones, Pre4paracion the pond for a new cycle.

For fattening stages I and II fattening, fish handling, basically the same as in the previous stage, taking a small change in the type of feed.

Production parameters of each stage

For ease in handling the red tilapia, and production systems on a single tank, ie the place where fish are grown right there is reap, after six months. It is divided into stages to adjust rations and food type to be supplied.

PARAMETER

PRE-BREEDING STAGE

fattening I

fattening II

Number of Days

80

60

90

Initial Weight

1 gram

100 grams

260 grams

Final Weight

100 grams

260 grams

600 grams

Seeding

30 to 50 fish / M 2

10 to 12 fish / M 2

5 to 6 fish / M 2

% Mortality

20%

5%

2%

% Protein Feed

45 to 38%

30 to 24%

24%

FCR

1: 1.2

1: 1.6

1: 2.5

Growth in average

1.39 grams

2.27 grams

3.43 grams

Frequncy Astra Punjabi Chenel



Introducción.

La empresa piscícola se fundamenta en el recurso, agua. Entre más agua, más posibilidad de una mayor y mejor producción; entre el agua sea de mejor calidad, con más veras, podemos esperar resultados mas favorables en la empresa piscícola.

El recurso agua es primordial en el desarrollo de la empresa piscícola, se debe de tener claro y la seguridad de contar con este recurso. Ante todo ver si hay availability of water intake to what to apply for a grant with the Office of the Autonomous Regional Corporation (Cortolima, for our area), with the aim of having everything in law, there will also provide guidance on the regulations governing fish farming companies. Another point to consider is to determine the flow and volume of water available to project the number of fish handling and lastly, the amount of fish meat to be produced.

As mentioned, water resources, plays a pivotal role in the fish business, so you must analyze the chemical, physical and biological it, the truth is that with these positive points for fish farming, work and produce fish is easy, enjoyable, anti stressful and quite profitable.

Water Quality.

The water quality is determined from three aspects: chemical, biological and physical, these three aspects form a triad, which must remain in balance and that failure of the three, quality water and thus decrease production will be negatively affected.

1) Chemical Aspects.

a. oxygen. The element of greatest impact on fish production, as for all the metabolic processes of animal needs oxygen. to carry out its functions in development, reproduction, fattening, survival, and so on. Without oxygen the fish and all organisms and micro organisms that live in water, they die. Low oxygen with these organisms will suffer disease and underdevelopment, especially the fish have been observed, Low oxygen that do not eat, what leads to malnutrition, underdeveloped body, low in organic defenses, high mortality, among other diseases.

The amount of dissolved oxygen in the water that fish need warm weather to optimum production is 5 ppm / liter of water, very favorable range for fish, if it exists in the 1st 4ppm/litro of water the fish can survive, but slow its growth, the more logical bit more oxygen slows, fewer fish may be planted and more likely to get sick, in waters less than 1ppm/litro of dissolved oxygen is lethal to the fish.

production of oxygen in the pond is given by the amount of water you have, for the replacement of water in the basin, through photosynthesis of microorganisms, by sunlight, altitude, by atmospheric pressure, temperature and salinity.

Under normal conditions, the dissolved oxygen in the water, comes with a high concentration during the day and a decline in hours of the night, especially at dawn, which is why you must see the pond at this time to determine if the pond can sustain that number of fish, this number biomass, or whether instead should be to remove or reduce the amount of fish.

The easiest way to determine if it has a good amount of oxygen in the pond, it is observed the behavior of the fish, if fish swim parallel to the surface of the water are calm and most likely are hungry, if they are quiet and in a diagonal position relative to the surface and with the mouth almost out of water, accurately will have very low concentration of oxygen in the water.

A good amount of oxygen dissolved in water is accomplished with a good maturation of the waters, as favored phytoplankton production, an adequate number of fish, mostly by size, ideal water exchange and water movement.

Low oxygen can be: high plankton production or maturation of the waters, sea salt may decrease the rate of 300 to 500 g / M 3 water for a day and carry water exchange.

For a high density of fish and low water exchange, can be solved by removing fish from the pond and adding water to it. By vegetation and a layer of plankton in the water surface preventing the oxygenation and the passage of sunlight, can be solved water exchange with the capture of plants and herbivorous fish. Also, we have , low oxygen and high temperature and / or water turbidity, which is corrected by replacement of water by chemical factors as much carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrites and nitrates, low pH salinity, they can all be solved with water exchange and with a good pond management consists of drawing water from the pond bottom to the replacement fund control sludge, aerating the water with the waves on the surface of the pond with mechanical aerators.

b. Potential Hydrogen or pH. is the value given by the amount of hydrogen ions, indicates whether water is acidic (values \u200b\u200bless than 7) or basic (values \u200b\u200bgreater than 7), the ideal is a neutral water (of 7). The fish can live and produce in a range of 6 to 9 pH.

values \u200b\u200bless than 4 over 11, and waters are very acidic or very basic, and cause serious injury in fish and prolonged exposure can be lethal, they are toxic to fish 4 to 5 no fish growth. 5 to 6 and 9 to 11 the performance is very poor. When you have a very acid pH (values \u200b\u200bof 3 or less) corrected by adding lime in values \u200b\u200bof 4 to 6 should be added or agricultural lime and a basic pH is corrected with the application of an acid fertilizer, this in no fish, ie at the time of the adequacy of pond for planting.

c. Carbon Dioxide . This molecule is the result of the breathing process carried out by plant and animal organisms in the absence of sunlight, so it is normal to have in the pond, their role is to be the initial molecule in the process photosynthesis that will generate oxygen to the environment and food plants.

Consider that if the fish have no "mouthing", ie lacking oxygen, carbon dioxide levels are normal or low. For the oxygen molecule repels the carbon dioxide molecule and vice versa.

carbon dioxide must occur to increase oxygen levels produced by phytoplankton during the day, but be careful at night so that this oxygen is not consumed in its entirety and cause death to fish.

D. Ammonia - Nitrite and Nitrate. are products of the degradation of the protein from the organic matter in the lake, by the organic waste from fish, and are located at the bottom of the pond next to the mud. All three compounds we produce a reduction of dissolved oxygen in water, pH value decreased turning water into a highly acidic.

The increase of ammonia, nitrites and nitrates can solve it with a spare water that is always on the bottom of the pond, reducing the maturation pond salt and water exchange partial (50%), cleaning the sludge tank them when dried, limed to bring the pond to planting.

e. alkalinity and hardness. Given the concentration of bases in the water represented by carbonate and bicarbonate ions and hardness by the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions.

recommended levels for the production of aquatic organisms are those that have similar values, ie one is not too high and one low.

classified Hardness: Soft Water 0 - 75 mg / l, moderately hard from 75 to 150 mg7l and lasts from 150 to 300 or more mg / l.

alkalinity serves as a substance neutralized acidity and for balancing the pH of pond water.

2) Physical Aspects.

i- Temperature: in fish farms warm weather is essential to have an optimum temperature so that the fish grow faster and reduce production cycle. Because fish are poikilothermic and take the temperature of your body according to their means, we need cold water, the fish has a low metabolism and hardly eats, while in warmer waters is very active eats a lot and develops faster.

The ideal temperature for the fattening of fish is between 26 and 29 degrees Celsius for both the tilapia as pacu. At lower levels pacu bad acts, not growing and may die, tilapia tolerate levels up to 20 degrees Celsius but its development is very slow. Very high temperature values \u200b\u200bproduce low levels of oxygen that can lead to death of the fish if there is prolonged exposure. To lower the temperature must be to make a spare water to ponds or move deeper water. To increase the temperature reaches the pond must have a water reservoir, making the pond shallower and the water exchange is not very strong.

ii- Turbidity. Given the material in suspension in the water either organic or mineral.

to study, say that the turbidity good is given by the amount of plankton in the water there and that gives the greenish color to the pond, turbidity is not recommended soil particles and other materials that are mixed in water . The first generation of oxygen and food for fish and serves as a protection for predators and to avoid permanent light stresses the fish.

The turbidity, measured with a metal disk painted in white and black in alternating quadrants or can be tested with a ring or a coin shine highlight color. Any object placed in the water and if it disappears in less than 10 inches considered that there are high turbidity, it should make replacement salt water or apply a rate of up to 500 grams per cubic meter. If it disappears at 30 cm is good turbidity and no need to fertilize the pond, but if it is deeper and the background is no turbidity, in this case you should fertilize your pond, it grows red tilapia in this medium.

iii- Color. is given by the incidence of light and water impurities. A green color is due to phytoplankton blooms. Coffee with the presence of decaying plant. Iron gives a red coloration.

Water Quantity

As important as the quality of water is the amount of it. We have two aspects, one is the volume of water to be contained in the pond and the other is the flow of water with which account.

a. - Volume water. Is given by the length and width so deep, so we give in cubic meters.

b. - Flow. is given by the amount of water passing for a particular site on a certain unit of time, their names are cubic meters / minute or liters per second.

The input flow into the pond we can measure with a graduated bucket and a watch with second hand or stopwatch. Take the bucket is placed over the inlet tube and is filled with water, as soon as you start filling until the filling is made determines the time expenditure, which gives us x amount of liter on and number of seconds, by splitting results give us so many liters / second.

c. - Replacement of water. refers to the time when you can fill a tank and is given by the ratio of the volume of water flow. We have that if a pond is filled in one day there will be a 100% replacement, which is the ideal, if it is filled in two days, turnover is 50% and so on. (Divide 100 in the number of days when you fill the pond).

According to spare you can determine the density of fish, in monoculture and 100% replacement: Red Tilapia 4 to 6 fish / M 2 or banking Cachama 1 - 1.5 fish / M 2. According turnover is greater density may be Otherwise more and planting density decreases.

If you want to know, that flow is needed to fill the pond, and used to be 5 fish per square meter of water surface, it must take the volume of the tank and divide by 86.4, which is a constant.

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Nothing like a little house, says a popular old saying, for the truth, it is true, there you find peace, confidence, warmth, peace, protection and all those things you want to have and that the house will deliver it. All these advantages we can have our house we used to develop as individuals. For fish house is the pond, hence the importance of building an adequate pool that gives comfort to the fish and the thank us with a physical development and weight gain expected.

The construction of a pond by hand could be very simple. To do this we must know the site where the construction, soil characteristics and the material used.

Site

The place chosen for the construction of the pond should be as close as possible to housing for people who handle it, that the site is not many trees are planted, the water level is not high, the access roads and public services of electricity and telephone the possession of the premises, which have easily for water supply and / or has any concession.

slope.

The ideal is that the ground holds a gentle slope, not more than 5%, if it has a greater slope field should be to remove too much land to build a small pond, which leads to that investment is not recoverable. Otherwise if the terrain is flat r can not be filled by gravity tank but the pump should be used to make it more expensive, as for emptying the same could not be done.

Terrain Texture .

The texture is given by the thickness of the particles that make up the ground, with the thickest sand, then follow the slime and finally the smallest particles, clay. In accordance with the highest proportion of these particles or mixture of them the ground is defined between sand and clay.

To determine soil texture can do through a method called wet bulb, which is to take a bit of ground between the two macos and moisten it, then he should try to form a ball if there is enough clay can be achieved, what Otherwise if there is not much sand form the ball, if in case of forming the ball and you want to see if there is good amount of clay is due and flipping the ball and dropping it onto the floor if there is little clay breaks down and if keeps the round shape is that there is enough clay in the soil.

Another way to see the texture of the soil is through a transparent container that can hold two liters of water. It shakes the ground to contain only small particles, then filled a third of the bottle with the ground slipped, then added to the bottle, the other two-thirds water, proceed to shake vigorously, then left to stand for 24 hours After all this time reading the column of soil that has formed. The bottom is sand, the middle is the upper silt and clay, are measured and removed the proportion of each of the parties. If the percentage of clay is 30 to 40% clay soil is suitable for pond construction, if more or less soil should be corrected.

leakproof .

consists in making a few holes on the site that was chosen for the construction of the pond, these holes can be about 30 centimeters in diameter and one meter depth or depth of the pond, the number of holes to make it six, distributed on either side of the field. Two at the beginning, two in the middle and two at the end. Fill with water, allowing the saturation of the walls of the pit to avoid errors in reading, filtering day gives us more evaporation, so, in the night fills the hole again, and cover, at six morning shows the water column, if less than 20% escaped the ground is suitable, if a 30% filter, you have to condition it, and if the leak is greater need to buy another farm.

If you found that the land is suitable for pond construction , Then passed to its development, build it by following these steps:

1. Remove Trees. It should generally remove trees, shrubs, plants and vegetation that whoever planted in the ground.

2. Remove the topsoil. Some call it the stripping of the land. Involves removing the topsoil and the organic layer or surface area.

3. Level the ground. As stated the pond should be built on land that has a slope of 5% or less, so to start construction work of the pond should level the playing field will be built.

4. Define the Pond. With stakes delineates the area to be to look like the mirror of water, ie the surface of the pond.

5. Floor Anchor pond. At a distance of one meter by one meter either side, the site of entry of water into the pond or the that is going to make less deep, and the drain side of the stake is limited to one meter per side and five feet from the front. (Future Dam Pond), the stakes are attached to fiber for them to notice the two rectangles are formed.

6. Dig. The procedure to remove the land from smaller square or stay in the interior, 80 cm depth, being perpendicular walls and flat floor.

7. Polish walls. The walls must be sloped or ramp, this will be a remove dirt so it becomes a diagonal between the fiber outer rectangle and the base of the floor above did. This is done with the four walls. The flat rope or fiber having a higher level of the pond comes from there to lower stakes measure the depth of 80 cm at the beginning of the pond, center and end 100 cms 120 cms. He joins a rope to the bottom and bring to remove the land leaving the floor with a drop.

8. fishing box. In the deepest place of the pond and in the center of this place, you can build a concrete box or brick with plastering, bigger than a meter each side and 30 cms. Deep.

9. Dam. Wall is more important, because it is the wall that will contain the waters of the pond and is going make the greatest strength, its construction should be done after placing the drain pipe to avoid Irlo to crack and then cause problems.

The dimensions are as follows: 1.5 meters foot wall that runs inside the dam, 1 meter and 3-meter crown and foot free wall or going out of the pond, the height shall 1.5 m, there is always that leaves about 30 cm Free.

10. Tailpiece. The drain hose going to the level of the pond water column, while the replacement will be made on water needed for good oxygenation in general for proper pond management. The ideal is to remove water from the pond bottom, with a simple and practical to place a PVC pipe three inches in diameter with an elbow that is flush with the bottom of the tackle box that is attached to a PVC tube six meters long that cross the dock, but this way it draws water from the pond surface, it is not practical. Therefore it can be a tube 4 inches in diameter covering the above, this tube was drilled some holes in the base to brew the water from the bottom up by the two tubes and at the edge and thinner tube that is shorter escape by it.

Thus, in an easy and practical ponds can be built on the farm and set the fish company that will provide much satisfaction.

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OVERVIEW OF FARMING FARM POND CONSTRUCTION

Agricultural Center "The Farm" belonging to regional SENA Tolima and is located in the town of Espinal, in the village Dindalito center, located five miles on the right side of the road Espinal - Ibague. Has a unit of fish, belonging to the sub sector animal husbandry sector in the area of \u200b\u200blivestock.

The unit has nine fish ponds, six of 240 M 2 of ponds, one with 440 M 2, 880-M other 2 and a large pond of 3000 M 2. For a total of 5760 M 2 mirror of water, has a channel open , which captures the water from the irrigation district usocoello.

Recalling something the past, they had great difficulty in the beginning of work in farming, because even though the ponds were never able to produce some kind of fish. With great effort he began the project fish, about eight years ago and fortunately the results were positive, from every point of view, economically, socially, in pedagogy, in the environmental and labor so that gave continuity and today is a very consistent drive to the claims of the agricultural center.

To strengthen unity at the beginning, training was essential and comprehensive training model - production gave impetus and drive category, step today to training for work with model SENA - company and the unit continues with its policies intact. Development of the individual as a human and individual professional development of fish farming.

The water quality parameters of the unit were as follows: Dissolved oxygen in water, from 3 - 5 ppm / liter, temperature between 26 to 29 degrees Celsius Turbidity of 30 inches deep, (good), pH 7 - 7.5; replacement of 33%, 32% Mortality; production cycle time of 180 days; Conversion food of 1: 1.6; Planting density 3 fish / M 2. .

The species used were: black Cachama, in particular what is best for meat production, the Pacu, very good converter but somewhat delicate Red Tilapia, the queen of the fish, very cute, tasty and appetizing; Tilapia silver has not had much acceptance in the agricultural center, the goldfish, beautiful animal but some penalize its flavor mirror carp, along with black pacu, excellent animal Bocachico was not good; Nicuro was bad experience, in the hopes of some planting day and the Jammu species, bream, catfish, among others. Although today is grown in mono culture have become exercises in poly sow crops, and provided the results were better development of fish culture in mono.

The unit, initially, the driving instructor - adviser to the farming unit, with the aide of a fellow officer and accompanying field of youth apprentices, who were given the responsibility of management and production of fish for what to do from the arrangement and alignment of the ponds to harvest fish, through the planting, management in the pre breeding feedlot fattening I and II, the capture and gutting process, marketing and the ultimate test, the workshop "quality of fish meat." Where always checked and found that the product that SENA and in particular that the unity of fish produced was of very good quality.

Today in the training system has been implemented, the young, can not observe all production processes, as they sow not reap, which has brought some difficulties for the professional development of the learner. However with the new technologies has facilitated the training of the apprentice and can access a larger world of knowledge, which makes it possible not to leave limited in their field.

is a good alternative to produce fish, you can note that: From a nutritional standpoint, is the meat of higher protein content and better biological, this protein, it is better and easier digestibility other meat, exceeding 90% while the others remain at the 60%, a fact which makes that a gram of fish flesh is the cheapest in the market, the productivity per unit area is higher in fish species than other species; The economic benefit is good, coming in cases to 50% return, lower the cost of the basket to the farmer and offers food of high biological value, economic and permanently to the family table. Used to properly manage the waters of the region, preventing all water reaching the rivers to cause flooding and damage seen in every winter, improving the environment and value over the premises, and finally, gives us a source employment for the field, which today is in poor condition.

As all good things, it can be improved, we have proposed the construction of the fish station, for playback of warm water species, such as pacu, tilapia, and carp bocachico; is a dream and now has the support of the local and national government. And even more, to improve fish farming unit is analyzing the possibility of starting to grow ornamental fish, which would give the unit and agricultural center "La Granja" enhancement and the learner more opportunities to visualize alternatives for the moment going to work.

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TECHNOLOGY FISH POND FISH PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES



Colombian industry in the flesh of fish is related with the fresh market and sluggish in the preparation of meat products from fish.
products such as sardines and canned tuna are at the moment have the highest row of transformation, followed by processing of sausages and burgers at low scale.
freshwater varieties like red pacu and tilapia are taking great importance in the feedstock in the technological process of preparation of fish products due to the high performance that is in production and easy availability in captivity.

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After caring for six months to fish in the fattening stage comes time to harvest or capture of fish for marketing. Moment for a fish company, for the proper management in this task he may give the customer a product of good physical and good taste to acquire fame and prestige as producers of fish meat quality.

fishing 's work can be done according to market requirements or conditions that you project management. In The first case has a fish consumption, rate of 250 grams red tilapia, gutted, to restaurants, giving us about 120 or 130-day production cycle of fish. If you want to sell agricultural center officials, must take the fish, 450 grams, which represents a period of 210 days, if you want to market as a whole can take fish of 350 grams, we'll make it in 180 days . In the second case, ie when one has projected, the ideal is when the feed conversion reached 1.6 on average.

For red tilapia is recommended when the harvest of fish reaches 300 grams and the pacu, to 650 grams. Where time is favorable feed conversion.

steps to follow for picking and evisceration, are: Fasting of fish, 18 hours before the capture should not provide more food. Lowering the water level by 50%. In order to catch fish and not stressed. Make a sweep with a dinghy, preferably within, waiting to be captured 80% of all animals. Draining the pond, where they captured the other animals.

evisceration is done: after fish killed by a collision heat with cold water in a pool is more ice has more salt water in proportions of 10 liters per kilo of water ice and water for each liter of 25 grams of salt, in order to obtain a temperature of 5 degrees Celsius. In this way the fish are not hurt, not stressed.

After slaughter fish are caught and passed to a slab for evisceration, first passing through the cut ventral, anus to the operculum, go to the area to remove viscera and gills (gills), wash fish, both inside and the outside, then drain. So here is gutted, then passed to the presentation for marketing. Which is weighed and selected.